##ciekawa_strona##
Compare Nauru (2002) - San Marino (2001)
Compare Nauru (2002) z San Marino (2001)
| Nauru (2002) | San Marino (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 14 districts; Aiwo, Anabar, Anetan, Anibare, Baiti, Boe, Buada, Denigomodu, Ewa, Ijuw, Meneng, Nibok, Uaboe, Yaren | 9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Monte Giardino, San Marino, Serravalle |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 39.6% (male 2,515; female 2,366)
15-64 years: 58.7% (male 3,578; female 3,656) 65 years and over: 1.7% (male 108; female 106) (2002 est.) |
0-14 years:
15.88% (male 2,241; female 2,100) 15-64 years: 67.94% (male 9,048; female 9,525) 65 years and over: 16.18% (male 1,902; female 2,520) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | coconuts | wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides |
| Airports | 1 (2001) | none |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002) |
- |
| Area | total: 21 sq km
land: 21 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total:
61.2 sq km land: 61.2 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC | about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | Nauru's phosphate deposits began to be mined early in the 20th century by a German-British consortium; the island was occupied by Australian forces in World War I. Nauru achieved independence in 1968 and joined the UN in 1999. Nauru is the world's smallest independent republic. | The third smallest state in Europe (after The Holy See and Monaco) also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a Christian stonemason named Marinus in 301 A.D. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy. Social and political trends in the republic also track closely with those of its larger neighbor. |
| Birth rate | 26.6 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) | 10.76 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $23.4 million
expenditures: $64.8 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY95/96) |
revenues:
$400 million expenditures: $400 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.) |
| Capital | no official capital; government offices in Yaren District | San Marino |
| Climate | tropical; monsoonal; rainy season (November to February) | Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers |
| Coastline | 30 km | 0 km (landlocked) |
| Constitution | 29 January 1968 | 8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution |
| Country name | conventional long form: Republic of Nauru
conventional short form: Nauru former: Pleasant Island |
conventional long form:
Republic of San Marino conventional short form: San Marino local long form: Repubblica di San Marino local short form: San Marino |
| Currency | Australian dollar (AUD) | Italian lira (ITL); euro (EUR) |
| Death rate | 7.06 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) | 7.68 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | $33.3 million | $NA |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | the US does not have an embassy in Nauru; the US Ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Nauru | the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the US Consul General in Florence (Italy) is accredited to San Marino |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | Nauru does not have an embassy in the US, but does have a UN office at 800 2nd Avenue, Suite 400 D, New York, New York 10017; telephone: (212) 937-0074
consulate(s): Hagatna (Guam) |
San Marino does not have an embassy in the US
honorary consulate(s) general: Washington, DC, and New York honorary consulate(s): Detroit |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $2.25 million from Australia (FY96/97 est.) | $NA |
| Economy - overview | Revenues of this tiny island have come from exports of phosphates, but reserves are expected to be exhausted within a few years. Phosphate production has declined since 1989, as demand has fallen in traditional markets and as the marginal cost of extracting the remaining phosphate increases, making it less internationally competitive. While phosphates have given Nauruans one of the highest per capita incomes in the Third World, few other resources exist with most necessities being imported, including fresh water from Australia. The rehabilitation of mined land and the replacement of income from phosphates are serious long-term problems. In anticipation of the exhaustion of Nauru's phosphate deposits, substantial amounts of phosphate income have been invested in trust funds to help cushion the transition and provide for Nauru's economic future. The government has been borrowing heavily from the trusts to finance fiscal deficits. To cut costs the government has called for a freeze on wages, a reduction of over-staffed public service departments, privatization of numerous government agencies, and closure of some overseas consulates. In recent years Nauru has encouraged the registration of offshore banks and corporations. Tens of billions of dollars have been channeled through their accounts. Few comprehensive statistics on the Nauru economy exist, with estimates of Nauru's per capita GDP varying widely. | The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 1999 more than 3 million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are banking, wearing apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of the most prosperous regions of Italy, which supplies much of its food. |
| Electricity - consumption | 27.9 million kWh (2000) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (2000) | 0 kWh
note: electric power supplied by Italy (1999) |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (2000) | NA kWh
note: electricity supplied by Italy |
| Electricity - production | 30 million kWh (2000) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000) |
fossil fuel:
NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location along plateau rim 61 m |
lowest point:
Torrente Ausa 55 m highest point: Monte Titano 755 m |
| Environment - current issues | limited natural fresh water resources, roof storage tanks collect rainwater, but mostly dependent on a single, aging desalination plant; intensive phosphate mining during the past 90 years - mainly by a UK, Australia, and NZ consortium - has left the central 90% of Nauru a wasteland and threatens limited remaining land resources | NA |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Nuclear Test Ban signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution |
| Ethnic groups | Nauruan 58%, other Pacific Islander 26%, Chinese 8%, European 8% | Sammarinese, Italian |
| Exchange rates | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (January 2002) 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997) | euros per US dollar - 1.06594 (January 2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.93863 (1999); Italian lire per US dollar - 1,736.2 (1998), 1,703.1 (1997), 1,542.9 (1996) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Acting President Derog GIOURA (since 10 March 2003) following death of President Bernard DOWIYOGO note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: Acting President Derog GIOURA (since 10 March 2003) following death of President Bernard DOWIYOGO note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of Parliament elections: president elected by Parliament for a three-year term; election last held 8 March 2003 (next to be held NA 2004); following Rene HARRIS' resignation, Bernard DOWIYOGO was elected president election results: Rene HARRIS elected president; percent of Parliamentary vote - NA%; replaced by Bernard DOWIYOGO 9 January 2003 following a no-confidence vote; HARRIS reinstated 17 January 2003, then gives up presidency 18 January and DOWIYOGO is elected president; DOWIYOGO dies 10 March 2003; with 9 votes over 8 for Kinza CLODUMAR, Derog GIOURA was named acting president |
chief of state:
cochiefs of state Captain Regent Luigi LONFERNINI and Captain Regent Fabio BERARDI (for the period 1 April 2001-30 September 2001) head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Gabriele GATTI (since NA July 1986) cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term elections: cochiefs of state (captain regents) elected by the Great and General Council for a six-month term; election last held NA March 2001 (next to be held NA September 2001); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term; election last held NA June 1998 (next to be held NA June 2003) election results: Luigi LONFERNINI and Fabio BERARDI elected captain regents; percent of legislative vote - NA; Gabriele GATTI reelected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of legislative vote - NA note: the popularly elected parliament (Grand and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (cochiefs of state) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State) which has ten other members, all selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are three secretaries of state - Foreign Affairs, Internal Affairs, and Finance - and several additional secretaries; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has assumed many of the prerogatives of a prime minister |
| Exports | $25.3 million f.o.b. (1991) | trade data are included with the statistics for Italy |
| Exports - commodities | phosphates | building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, ceramics |
| Exports - partners | NZ, Australia, South Korea, US (2000) | - |
| Fiscal year | 1 July - 30 June | calendar year |
| Flag description | blue with a narrow, horizontal, yellow stripe across the center and a large white 12-pointed star below the stripe on the hoist side; the star indicates the country's location in relation to the Equator (the yellow stripe) and the 12 points symbolize the 12 original tribes of Nauru | two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty) |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $60 million (2001 est.) | purchasing power parity - $860 million (2000 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
agriculture:
NA% industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $5,000 (2001 est.) | purchasing power parity - $32,000 (2000 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | 8% (2000 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 0 32 S, 166 55 E | 43 46 N, 12 25 E |
| Geography - note | Nauru is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati and Makatea in French Polynesia; only 53 km south of Equator | landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines |
| Highways | total: 30 km
paved: 24 km unpaved: 6 km (1998 est.) |
total:
220 km paved: 220 km unpaved: 0 km (2001) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Illicit drugs | broad-based money-laundering center | - |
| Imports | $21.1 million c.i.f. (1991) | trade data are included with the statistics for Italy |
| Imports - commodities | food, fuel, manufactures, building materials, machinery | wide variety of consumer manufactures, food |
| Imports - partners | Australia, US, UK, Indonesia, India (2000) | - |
| Independence | 31 January 1968 (from the Australia-, NZ-, and UK-administered UN trusteeship) | 3 September 301 |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | 6% (1997 est.) |
| Industries | phosphate mining, offshore banking, coconut products | tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine |
| Infant mortality rate | 10.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) | 6.21 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | -3.6% (1993) (1993) | 2.2% (2000) |
| International organization participation | ACP, AsDB, C, ESCAP, FAO, ICAO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO | CE, ECE, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WToO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | 2 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court | Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII |
| Labor force | - | 18,500 (1999) |
| Labor force - by occupation | employed in mining phosphates, public administration, education, and transportation | services 60%, industry 38%, agriculture 2% (1998 est.) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | total:
39 km border countries: Italy 39 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.) |
arable land:
17% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 83% (1993 est.) |
| Languages | Nauruan (official, a distinct Pacific Island language), English widely understood, spoken, and used for most government and commercial purposes | Italian |
| Legal system | acts of the Nauru Parliament and British common law | based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Parliament (18 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms)
elections: last held 9 April 2000 (next to be held NA April 2003) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 18 |
unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 31 May 1998 (next likely to be held by NA June 2001) election results: percent of vote by party - PDCS 40.8%, PSS 23.3%, PPDS 18.6%, APDS 9.8%, RC 3.3%, SR 4.2%; seats by party - PDCS 25, PSS 14, PPDS 11, APDS 6, RC 2, SR 2 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 61.57 years
male: 58.05 years female: 65.26 years (2002 est.) |
total population:
81.23 years male: 77.68 years female: 85.1 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: NA
total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA% |
definition:
age 10 and over can read and write total population: 96% male: 97% female: 95% (1976 est.) |
| Location | Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, south of the Marshall Islands | Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy |
| Map references | Oceania | Europe |
| Maritime claims | contiguous zone: 24 NM
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
none (landlocked) |
| Merchant marine | none (2002 est.) | - |
| Military - note | Nauru maintains no defense forces; under an informal agreement, defense is the responsibility of Australia | - |
| Military branches | no regular military forces; Nauru Police Force | Voluntary Military Force, Police Force |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $NA | $700,000 (FY00) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | NA% | NA% |
| Military manpower - availability | males age 15-49: 3,103 (2002 est.) | - |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | males age 15-49: 1,710 (2002 est.) | - |
| National holiday | Independence Day, 31 January (1968) | Founding of the Republic, 3 September (301) |
| Nationality | noun: Nauruan(s)
adjective: Nauruan |
noun:
Sammarinese (singular and plural) adjective: Sammarinese |
| Natural hazards | periodic droughts | NA |
| Natural resources | phosphates, fish | building stone |
| Net migration rate | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) | 11.45 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | loose multiparty system; Democratic Party [Kennan ADEANG]; Nauru Party (informal) [Bernard DOWIYOGO] | Communist Refoundation or RC [Ivan FOSHI]; Ideas in Movement or IM [Alessandro ROSSI]; San Marino Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Pier Marino MENICUCCI]; San Marino Popular Alliance of Democrats or APDS [Mario VENTURINI]; San Marino Progressive Democratic Party or PPDS [Claudio FELICI]; San Marino Socialist Party or PSS [Augusto CASALI]; Socialists for Reform or SR [Renzo GIARDI] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | NA |
| Population | 12,329 (July 2002 est.) | 27,336 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 1.96% (2002 est.) | 1.45% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Nauru | none |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | 7,000 (1997) | 16,000 (1997) |
| Railways | total: 5 km
note: gauge unknown; used to haul phosphates from the center of the island to processing facilities on the southwest coast (2001) |
0 km; note - there is a 1.5 km cable railway connecting the city of San Marino to Borgo Maggiore |
| Religions | Christian (two-thirds Protestant, one-third Roman Catholic) | Roman Catholic |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.02 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
at birth:
1.09 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | 20 years of age; universal and compulsory | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: adequate local and international radiotelephone communication provided via Australian facilities
domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) |
general assessment:
adequate connections domestic: automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system international: connected to Italian international network |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 2,000 (1996) | 18,000 (1998) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 450 (1994) | 3,010 (1998) |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (1997) | 1 (San Marino residents also receive broadcasts from Italy) (1997) |
| Terrain | sandy beach rises to fertile ring around raised coral reefs with phosphate plateau in center | rugged mountains |
| Total fertility rate | 3.5 children born/woman (2002 est.) | 1.3 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 0% | 3% (1999) |
| Waterways | none | none |
Sitemap:
Compare countries listing (map site) |
Country listing (map site)
Links: Add to favorites | Information about this website | Stats | Polityka prywatnosci
This page was generated in ##czas## s. Size this page: ##rozmiar_strony## kB.
Links: Add to favorites | Information about this website | Stats | Polityka prywatnosci
This page was generated in ##czas## s. Size this page: ##rozmiar_strony## kB.